Glossary of Terms
(Source: UNEP)

Bioaccumulation –It refers to an increase of a chemical’s concentrations in a biological organism over time. Compounds have harmful effects on health of living things when they accumulate, are taken up and stored faster than they are broken down (metabolized) or excreted.

Carcinogen – A chemical, physical, or biological substance that is capable of causing cancer.

Chemical – A substance that does not include living matter. A chemical can exist alone or in a mixture or preparation; it can be manufactured or obtained from nature.

Emission – The release of a substance into the atmosphere from either a “point” or a “diffuse” source.

Exposure – The act or fact of exposing or being exposed to a substance.

Insecticide – A substance or a mixture of substances for destroying or repelling any type of insect.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) – Organic (carbon-based) substances that persist in the environment, bioaccumulate in living tissue, and pose a risk to human health and the environment.

Persistence –It refers to a chemical’s ability to remain stable and not break down.

Pesticide – A substance or a mixture of substances for destroying or repelling any type of pest, including fungi, insects, and termites.

Reproductive disorders – It refers to negative effects on the reproductive system and on the production of offspring.

Toxicity – The ability of a substance to cause injury to humans or the environment. An acute toxic reaction occurs soon after exposure, while chronic reactions are experienced long after the exposure.

Volatility – The ability of a substance to evaporate into air.